La Jolla Marine Preserve • Tide Pools (“Dike Rock”-Scripps Pier) • PROJECT 4: Geology of La Jolla Marine Preserve

Geology of Dike Rock Tide Pools (North of Scripps Pier)

“This tidepool area is interesting for several reasons. First, the geology is unique. Most of the rocks in the coastal areas of Southern California represent ancient beach deposits and are largely sandstones and siltstones. The layering is obvious in the cliffs on either side of the tide pool. These rocks are about 40 to 50 million years old.

Geology Cliffs-Dike of La Jolla, Dike Rock Tide Pools

“But if you look carefully at the main rock bench that extends out into the ocean and forms the foundation for the tide pools, you’ll see that it is not the same rock that makes up the cliffs . It is darker and harder, and looks similar to the lava rock common on volcanic islands. This vertical outcrop, or “Dike,” was formed from hot, molten rockthat forced its way up through a crack in the layered beach rocks of the cliffs about 10 to 12 millions years ago (Miocene Epoch). This geologic feature is called a dike, hence the name “Dike Rock,” one of the most prominent features of these tide pools.”

What are the Three Types of Rock and How is Each Created (Rock Cycle)?

Igneous (from Latin igneus: “fire”): rocks formed from lava or magma (underground molten rock) Continue reading →

Matter and Energy TRANSFORMATIONS • Here’s What Happens When You Light a Fire in Space – Megan Garber – The Atlantic

Fire-Flame-Light, Heat, Carbon Dioxide, Water

On Earth Fire Produces Light, Heat, CO2, Water, and Soot (Hydrocarbons)… and FLAME!

Fire-Flame Byproducts-Small

In Space things get weird… Fire Byproducts:

  • On Earth (High Temp Flame: “Teardrop.” By-products: Soot, Carbon Dioxide, Water) vs
  • In Space/in the MicroGravity of the Space Station (Lower Temp Flameless Fire: “Spherical.” By-products: Carbon Monoxide, Formaldehyde

“When it comes to fire,” says physics professor Forman A. Williams, “we’re just getting started.”

Take the flame of a candle, the kind you might find on a birthday cake. The flame takes the familiar shape — as, basically, a gaseous teardrop — because of gravity. The hot air rises and draws fresh, cool air behind it. The buoyancy makes the flame shoot up and flicker.

To watch video: Fire on the Space Station….

* Continue reading →